Key points:
1.A suspect in Ukraine was fined by the first instance court for violating e-cigarette e-liquid sales regulations.
2.The Rovno State Court of Appeals found that the evidence in the case was insufficient and there were procedural defects in the initial trial, ultimately overturning the original judgment.
3.The ruling underscores the importance of the principle of "beyond reasonable doubt" in administrative law enforcement, as well as the legality of evidence.
According to a report from Sud on May 12th, the appeals court of Rivne Oblast in Ukraine revealed that an administrative violation case involving the sale of e-cigarette liquid was overturned due to lack of evidence and procedural flaws.
In the original case, a salesperson working at a mall in Rivne was charged with violating Article 23, Section 2 of the Ukrainian Law on the Circulation of Alcohol, Tobacco Products, E-Cigarette Liquid, and Fuel, as well as committing administrative offenses as specified in Article 156, Section 1 of the Ukrainian Administrative Offenses Code. The initial court ruled that the salesperson illegally sold e-liquid products for e-cigarettes and imposed a fine of 3,400 hryvnias (82 USD).
However, the sales personnel involved in the case have appealed through their legal representatives. The appeals court pointed out after reviewing the case that the original administrative violation report did not clearly explain the specific illegal nature of the behavior in question. The report did not mention whether the e-liquid sold by the defendants violated the tax stamp markings (i.e., whether they were missing or forged consumption tax stamps), which is a key element regulated by Article 156.
At the same time, according to relevant legal provisions, the court has no authority to unilaterally alter the facts listed in a case report, redefine the nature of behaviors, or collect evidence on its own in place of the prosecution. Doing so would violate the requirements of Article 6 of the European Convention on Human Rights regarding independent judiciary. In other words, an administrative misconduct report alone is not sufficient to constitute valid evidence and must be supported by other materials that have been verified by the court without reasonable doubt.
During the trial, it was also discovered that the original court failed to fully ascertain the facts, did not conduct a thorough investigation of key circumstances, violated the principle of "comprehensive, objective, and fair" trial, ultimately leading to factual errors. In light of these factors, the Rovno Provincial Court of Appeals determined that the original court's conclusion that the defendant had committed illegal acts lacked legal evidence support and revoked the original penalty decision.
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