Impact of Tobacco Smuggling in Central Asian Countries: A Report

Regulations by 2FIRSTS.ai
May.10.2024
Impact of Tobacco Smuggling in Central Asian Countries: A Report
Illegal tobacco smuggling in Central Asia, particularly in Kyrgyzstan, is causing significant budget losses and cross-border issues.

According to Russian media RGRU on May 9th, TRACIT data shows that the issue of illicit tobacco smuggling is impacting all Central Asian countries to varying degrees, but particularly Kyrgyzstan. It is estimated that the republic is suffering significant budget losses due to lack of tax revenue. The report also indicates that Kyrgyzstan is a transit point for smuggled tobacco products entering other countries, including Russia.

 

Tobacco industry expert Ulukbek Turdubekov said that the majority of illegal tobacco flows into Tajikistan. In an interview with a reporter from the Russian newspaper, he explained that most of the tobacco markets in neighboring countries are operating illegally. Due to ineffective control measures, major tobacco companies have left Tajikistan. Illegal tobacco products are rampant in areas bordering the republic with Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan.

 

Unlike the situation with Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan and Uzbekistan are engaged in mutual smuggling. Price differences and diversity of products are driving this issue. The Kyrgyzstan market has more brands than the Uzbekistan market, and unscrupulous businessmen are taking advantage of this.

 

According to Ulukbek Turgunbayev, another illegal tobacco supply chain runs from Kyrgyzstan to countries in the Arab world, where the prices of tobacco and heated tobacco (vaporized tobacco) are on average three times higher than in Kyrgyzstan. This makes such a business very attractive to suppliers, even if it is illegal.

 

According to data from NielsenIQ, a company that provides global consumer market information, illegal tobacco products in Kyrgyzstan accounted for 7.5% in 2022, which has risen to 17.7% by 2023. Due to the increasing threat of smuggling, the government established a cross-departmental task force within the Chamber of Commerce last November to combat illegal tobacco products. The task force is comprised of representatives from 13 government agencies, including tax officials, customs officers, and law enforcement personnel. Currently, they are in the process of developing an action plan.

 

We welcome news tips, article submissions, interview requests, or comments on this piece.

Please contact us at info@2firsts.com, or reach out to Alan Zhao, CEO of 2Firsts, on LinkedIn


Notice

1.  This article is intended solely for professional research purposes related to industry, technology, and policy. Any references to brands or products are made purely for objective description and do not constitute any form of endorsement, recommendation, or promotion by 2Firsts.

2.  The use of nicotine-containing products — including, but not limited to, cigarettes, e-cigarettes, nicotine pouchand heated tobacco products — carries significant health risks. Users are responsible for complying with all applicable laws and regulations in their respective jurisdictions.

3.  This article is not intended to serve as the basis for any investment decisions or financial advice. 2Firsts assumes no direct or indirect liability for any inaccuracies or errors in the content.

4.  Access to this article is strictly prohibited for individuals below the legal age in their jurisdiction.

 

Copyright

 

This article is either an original work created by 2Firsts or a reproduction from third-party sources with proper attribution. All copyrights and usage rights belong to 2Firsts or the original content provider. Unauthorized reproduction, distribution, or any other form of unauthorized use by any individual or organization is strictly prohibited. Violators will be held legally accountable.

For copyright-related inquiries, please contact: info@2firsts.com

 

AI Assistance Disclaimer

 

This article may have been enhanced using AI tools to improve translation and editorial efficiency. However, due to technical limitations, inaccuracies may occur. Readers are encouraged to refer to the cited sources for the most accurate information.

We welcome any corrections or feedback. Please contact us at: info@2firsts.com

On-Site Report | After FDA Announces Review of PMTA Framework, CTP Director Details Reform Priorities
On-Site Report | After FDA Announces Review of PMTA Framework, CTP Director Details Reform Priorities
FDA CTP Director Bret Koplow used his FDLI keynote in Washington to outline how the agency is rethinking the PMTA framework. He discussed category-specific review, nicotine pouch and sPMTA pilots, AI-assisted review, a 70% reduction in pending applications, and a major staffing constraint: CTP currently has only nine scientific review teams. He also reaffirmed tobacco harm reduction while stressing youth protection, flavored products, risk communication, and the challenge of unauthorized e-cigarettes.
Regulations
Oct.06
Latest UK ONS Data: 54% of Vapers Are Former Cigarette Smokers, 26% Also Smoke and 20% Never Smoked Regularly
Latest UK ONS Data: 54% of Vapers Are Former Cigarette Smokers, 26% Also Smoke and 20% Never Smoked Regularly
Former cigarette smokers accounted for an estimated 54% of current e-cigarette users in Great Britain in 2025, while 26% also smoked cigarettes and 20% had never regularly smoked, according to a 2Firsts analysis of Office for National Statistics (ONS) data. Among former cigarette smokers who currently vape, approximately 81% used e-cigarettes daily, compared with about 50% of dual users. The ONS found that 33.8% of current cigarette smokers also vaped in 2025, up from 10.6% in 2014. Approximately 1.1 million adults who had never regularly smoked cigarettes used e-cigarettes, representing 2.9% of that population, compared with 0.2% in 2014. The figures highlight differences in the composition, frequency of use and long-term trends across Britain's vaping population.
DATA
Oct.14
EU Tobacco Tax Reform Targets November Push as Sweden Holds Nicotine-Pouch Minimum at €20 per Kilogram
EU Tobacco Tax Reform Targets November Push as Sweden Holds Nicotine-Pouch Minimum at €20 per Kilogram
The Irish presidency of the Council of the European Union is using bilateral talks to push the bloc’s Tobacco Taxation Directive toward a political agreement in November. According to Law360, citing an EU official, Sweden is unwilling to accept a minimum excise threshold above €20 per kilogram for nicotine pouches. Council negotiations have already lowered the European Commission’s original proposal, but a May 2026 presidency compromise still set the minimum at 10% of the tax-inclusive retail price or €30 per kilogram in 2028-29, with higher levels later.
Market
Sep.17 by 2Firsts Perspectives
Russia Expands Temporary Administration of JTI Assets in Second Round: From Four to All Seven Russian Entities, With Approximately $9.5 Billion in Related Assets
Russia Expands Temporary Administration of JTI Assets in Second Round: From Four to All Seven Russian Entities, With Approximately $9.5 Billion in Related Assets
Japan Tobacco Inc. (JT) confirmed on November 9, 2026, that all seven of its Russian entities had been placed under temporary administration after a second presidential decree added three companies to the four designated a day earlier. The additional entities are associated with importing, management, holdings and the former supply of Ploom heated-tobacco devices. JT disclosed approximately ¥1.5 trillion in Russian business-related assets as of September 30, including ¥360 billion in cash and deposits, and approximately ¥200 billion in liabilities. Under its revised FY2026 forecast, Russia accounts for about 25% of adjusted operating profit. JT said operations in Russia were continuing, while the financial impact remained under assessment.
company
Nov.09
Product | Philip Morris Launches TEREA Bold Red and Bold Black in Germany With Level-10 Tobacco Intensity at €8 per Pack
Product | Philip Morris Launches TEREA Bold Red and Bold Black in Germany With Level-10 Tobacco Intensity at €8 per Pack
Philip Morris International (PMI) introduced TEREA Bold Red and Bold Black heated tobacco sticks in Germany in October 2026, both carrying a brand-rated tobacco-flavor intensity of 10, the highest level in the country's TEREA portfolio. Bold Red features leather and warm woody notes, while Bold Black combines woody and subtle floral notes. Both are sold in 20-stick packs at €8, approximately 2.6% above standard TEREA products. Germany's TEREA range now includes 11 flavor variants, alongside a separate 26-stick XL format priced at €10. IQOS Germany announced the new products on October 12, followed by a phased retail rollout from late October and an IQOS Club campaign running through December.
product
Nov.02
Product | BAT Revises Japan's VELO Convenience Store Lineup, Adding ¥380 Mango Pouches as Selected SKUs Exit
Product | BAT Revises Japan's VELO Convenience Store Lineup, Adding ¥380 Mango Pouches as Selected SKUs Exit
British American Tobacco's Japanese subsidiary, BAT Japan, launched VELO Mango Ice Medium on November 2, 2026, with distribution expanding to selected 7-Eleven, FamilyMart, NewDays and Seicomart stores from November 3. The new oral tobacco product contains 15 pouches per can and retails for ¥380, featuring a mango and cooling flavor profile at Medium intensity. At the same time, BAT Japan raised prices on multiple existing VELO products from ¥360 to ¥380 per can and withdrew selected SKUs from convenience store distribution without discontinuing them entirely. The changes affect product assortment, pricing and retail channel allocation.
product
Nov.04